Arbitrary Wave Transformations With Huygens’ Metasurfaces Through Surface-Wave Optimization

Huygens' metasurfaces (HMSs) have demonstrated the ability to tailor electromagnetic wavefronts with passive low-profile structures. The fundamental constraint enabling and ideally lossless solutions is conservation of normal real power locally along metasurface. In this letter, we examine use auxiliary surface waves design HMSs for wave transformations different incident output density profiles. developed method relies on optimization a surface-wave distribution that utilized redistribute at input side metasurface without incurring any reflections. A full example presented linear patch array H-plane illuminating produces uniform fields E-plane. high aperture illumination efficiency 92% obtained despite small distance between source Moreover, effects evanescent spectrum losses bandwidth structure are discussed.